Mbaqanga emerged in late 1950s Johannesburg townships, synthesizing marabi, kwela, and American jazz/R&B with traditional African elements. The name derives from Zulu for 'quick home-cooked meal,' capturing the music's spontaneous character. Featuring syncopated drums, melodic bass, and soulful harmonies, Mbaqanga became resistance music during apartheid. Mahlathini and the Mahotella Queens conveyed hope and unity, gaining international revival through Paul Simon's 1986 Graceland album.