Soukous emerged in 1930s Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo, blending Congolese folk music with Cuban son, American jazz, and rock. The genre features strong syncopated rhythm guitar, polyrhythmic percussion, electric guitar improvisation, and lively vocal harmonies in call-and-response patterns. Franco Luambo used Soukous for social consciousness, making it part of Zaire's national identity and celebrating life across Central and East Africa.